Adverb Clause of Manner

Example:

• She danced like no one was watching.

  • Underlined part: like no one was watching → Adverb Clause

  • কারণ: এটি verb ‘danced’ কিভাবে ঘটেছে তা নির্দেশ করছে → Adverb clause of manner

Adverb Clause সংজ্ঞা

• যে subordinate clause বাক্যে adverb-এর মতো কাজ করে, অর্থাৎ verb-এর time, place, cause, effect, purpose, manner ইত্যাদি প্রকাশ করে তাকে Adverb Clause বা Adverbial Clause বলে।

• Adverb Clause of Manner: Subordinate clause যা কাজটি কীভাবে ঘটলো তা নির্দেশ করে।

  • সাধারণত how, as, as if, like দিয়ে শুরু হয়।

  • Verb কে How দিয়ে প্রশ্ন করলে এর উত্তর হয় Adverb Clause of Manner।

More Examples

1. She cooks like she was born to do it. → Underlined part: Adverb Clause

2. He behaves like he owns the place. → Underlined part: Adverb Clause

Adverbial Clause of Reason

• Purpose: Explains the reason why the action in the principal clause happens or does not happen.

• Conjunctions Used: As, Since, For, Because, That etc.

• Position Rules:

  1. At the beginning: Clause starts with conjunction and ends with a comma; rest of the sentence is the principal clause.

     • Example: Because he was tired, he went to bed early.

  2. In the middle/end: Clause starts with conjunction but no comma needed at the end.

     • Example: He went to bed early because he was tired.

• Notes:

  1. Seeing that can replace Since or As to express in view of the fact.

     • Example: Seeing that the room is already full, the meeting may begin now.

  2. You can convert an adverbial clause of reason into two principal clauses using so.

     • Example: Since it was too dark to go on, we camped there. → It was too dark to go on, so we camped there.

Correct Example:

• He left the party because he was feeling sick.

  • Underlined clause: Adverbial Clause of Reason

Source: Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition, Chowdhury & Hossain

Correct Answer:

• Whether they will come is still uncertain. ✅

Explanation:

• The underlined part (Whether they will come) is a Noun Clause.

• Noun Clause acts as the subject of the sentence here.

• It often begins with That, What, When, Why, Whether, How when functioning as a subject.

• Structure: Noun Clause + Be verb + Principal Clause

  • Example: Whether they will come (Noun Clause) + is (Be verb) + still uncertain (Principal Clause).

Other Options:

1. I went home because I was tired.

   • because I was tired → Adverbial Clause of Reason

   • Answers the question: “Why did I go home?”

2. He works hard so that he can succeed.

   • so that he can succeed → Adverbial Clause of Purpose

   • Answers the question: “Why does he work hard?”

3. He runs as fast as he can.

   • as fast as he can → Adverbial Clause of Degree

   • Answers the question: “How does he run?”

Note:

• Adverbial clauses generally answer where, when, how, why questions, while Noun clauses often act as subject, object, or complement in a sentence.

Source:

1. A Passage To The English Language, S. M. Zakir Hussain

2. Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar & Composition, Chowdhury & Hossain