Infinitive Phrase – Example and Explanation

• Example Sentence:
  We have a proposal to improve the system.

  • Underlined part: to improve the system

  • Correct Option: গ) Infinitive phrase

• Explanation:

  • The phrase to improve the system is formed by to + verb (base form) + extension.

  • Here, it functions as a post-modifier of the noun proposal, effectively modifying the noun (Adjective function).

• Infinitive Phrase Overview:

  • Structure: to + verb (base form) + extension

  • Functions: Can modify Noun, Adjective, or Adverb Phrases

    • As post-modifier → acts like an adjective

    • As subject/object → acts like a noun phrase

  • Example: To read a newspaper is a good habit. (Here, the infinitive phrase acts as a noun phrase.)

Direct to Indirect Speech (Interrogative Sentence)

• Example:

• Direct: I said to him, "Will you lend me your books?"

• Indirect: I enquired of him whether he would lend me his books.

• নিয়মাবলী:

1. Reporting verb: Interrogative sentence-এ direct speech-কে indirect speech-এ রূপান্তর করতে, প্রথমে reporting verb বসাতে হবে।

   • "said" এর পরিবর্তে প্রশ্নসূচক অর্থে asked/enquired of ব্যবহার হবে।

2. Auxiliary verb দিয়ে শুরু হলে: Direct speech থেকে inverted comma তুলে দিয়ে if/whether linker হিসেবে বসাতে হবে।

3. Reported speech-এর subject: Direct speech-এর subject বসবে। যদি subject second person হয়, তবে reporting verb-এর object অনুযায়ী পরিবর্তন হবে।

4. Tense পরিবর্তন: Reporting verb যদি past tense-এ থাকে এবং মূল verb-এর পূর্বে shall/will থাকে, তাহলে indirect speech-এ তা should/would-এ পরিবর্তিত হবে।

5. Sentence type পরিবর্তন: Interrogative sentence-টি indirect speech-এ সবসময় assertive sentence-এ পরিণত হবে।

• Structure:
Subject + ask/asked + object (যদি থাকে) + linker word + reported speech-এর subject + verb + বাকি অংশ

Source:
A Passage to the English Language by S. M. Zakir Hussain

The final scene of Hamlet ends with a duel that causes the deaths of the main characters in rapid succession. The order of deaths is:

1. Gertrude: She unknowingly drinks from a poisoned cup intended for Hamlet by Claudius.

2. Laertes: He is wounded by his own poisoned sword during the duel with Hamlet. Before dying, he reveals Claudius’s plot.

3. Claudius: Upon realizing the truth, Hamlet stabs Claudius with the poisoned sword and forces him to drink the rest of the poisoned wine.

4. Hamlet: Struck by Laertes's poisoned blade, Hamlet dies last, ensuring Claudius is dead and asking Horatio to tell his story.

• Key point: Hamlet is the last to die in the final scene.