The Clash of Civilizations is a hypothesis suggesting that in the post-Cold War world, cultural and religious identities will become the primary sources of conflict.

• American political scientist Samuel P. Huntington proposed that future wars would occur not between nations, but between different cultures.

• According to this theory, civilizations, defined by shared language, history, religion, and customs, would shape global conflicts and alliances.

• The hypothesis emphasizes the growing significance of cultural differences in international relations, as opposed to traditional geopolitical or ideological disputes.