He said to me, "How happy you are!" Find out the indirect narration-
A
He told me that I was very happy.
B
He told me I were happy.
C
He told me that he was happy.
D
He told me how I was happy.
উত্তরের বিবরণ
বাক্যটি হলো — He said to me, "How happy you are!"। এখানে আমাদের কাজ হলো direct speech থেকে indirect speech বা পরোক্ষ বাক্যে রূপান্তর করা। সঠিক উত্তর হলো (ক) He told me that I was very happy.
বিস্তারিত ব্যাখ্যা:
ধাপে ধাপে বিশ্লেষণ:
Step ১: বাক্যের অংশগুলো চিহ্নিত করা
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Direct speech: "How happy you are!"
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Reporting verb: He said to me → indirect speech-এ পরিবর্তিত হবে He told me।
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Pronoun: you → indirect speech-এ পরিবর্তিত হবে I, কারণ বক্তার উদ্দেশ্য আমার প্রতি।
Step ২: Tense পরিবর্তন (Backshifting)
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Direct speech-এ are (Present tense) ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে।
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Indirect speech-এ reporting verb অতীত কাল (said / told) হওয়ায়, tense সাধারণভাবে এক ধাপ পিছিয়ে যায়।
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Present → Past: are → was
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তাই you are → I was।
Step ৩: শব্দ ও বাক্য গঠন
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Direct speech-এ How happy ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে। Indirect speech-এ how সংযোজিত হয় বাক্যের সাথে, এবং প্রয়োজনে “very” যোগ করে বেশি স্পষ্ট করা যায়।
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Final indirect sentence:
He told me that I was very happy.
Step ৪: অন্যান্য বিকল্পের ভুল ব্যাখ্যা
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(খ) He told me I were happy. → ভুল, কারণ I এর সঙ্গে singular verb was ব্যবহার হয়, were নয়।
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(গ) He told me that he was happy. → ভুল pronoun; এখানে খুঁজছি আমার সুখের কথা, তাই he নয়, I ব্যবহার হবে।
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(ঘ) He told me how I was happy. → structure অপ্রাকৃতিক; “how happy I was” হওয়া উচিত।
সারসংক্ষেপ:
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Pronoun পরিবর্তন: you → I
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Tense পরিবর্তন: are → was
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Reporting verb: said to me → told me
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“How happy” শব্দগুচ্ছ ঠিকভাবে রাখা: how happy I was
উপসংহার:
Direct speech “How happy you are!” এর indirect speech হলো:
He told me that I was very happy.
সঠিক উত্তর হলো (ক) He told me that I was very happy.
0
Updated: 5 days ago
Change the narration: He said, "Would that I had studied harder!"
Created: 1 month ago
A
He said if he studied harder.
B
He said would that he had studied harder.
C
He wished that he had studied harder.
D
He hoped he studies harder.
Direct speech: He said, "Would that I had studied harder!"
Indirect speech: He wished that he had studied harder.
Rule for converting exclamatory sentences expressing a wish:
-
If a sentence begins with If, O that, Oh that, Would that and expresses a wish, use wish in the indirect form.
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Since the reporting verb is in the past tense (said), in indirect speech wish becomes wished.
-
The reported clause takes the past perfect tense after that.
Example according to the rule:
-
He wished that he had been rich.
0
Updated: 1 month ago
Choose the correct narration change:
The teacher said, "The sun rises in the east."
Created: 2 months ago
A
The teacher said that the sun rose in the east.
B
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.
C
The teacher told that the sun is rising in the east.
D
The teacher said the sun has risen in the east.
• সঠিক উত্তর: খ) The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.
- Reported Speech: "The sun rises in the east."
- এটি একটি universal truth / scientific fact.
- Reporting verb past tense (said) হলেও tense পরিবর্তন করা হয় না, যদি বাক্যটি সর্বজনবিদিত সত্য হয়।
- Universal truths/scientific facts : tense change করা হয় না
- যেমন: The teacher said, "The sun rises in the east."
- Indirect Narration: The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.
Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.
0
Updated: 2 months ago
Change the narration: He said, "Would that I had studied harder!"
Created: 1 month ago
A
He said if he studied harder.
B
He said would that he had studied harder.
C
He wished that he had studied harder.
D
He hoped he studies harder.
Direct speech: He said, "Would that I had studied harder!"
Indirect speech: He wished that he had studied harder.
Rule for converting exclamatory sentences expressing a wish:
-
If a sentence begins with If, O that, Oh that, Would that and expresses a wish, use wish in the indirect form.
-
Since the reporting verb is in the past tense (said), in indirect speech wish becomes wished.
-
The reported clause takes the past perfect tense after that.
Example according to the rule:
-
He wished that he had been rich.
0
Updated: 1 month ago
