Question: What will be the total amount after 3 years if Tk. 1200 is invested at a simple interest rate of 5% annually?

Solution:
Here,
Principal, P = Tk. 1200
Rate of Interest, r = 5% = 5/100
Time, n = 3 years

We know,
Simple Interest, I = P × n × r
I = 1200 × 3 × (5/100)
I = 1200 × 3 × 5/100
I = 3600 × 5/100
I = 180 Tk.

Now, the Amount after 3 years, A = P + I
A = 1200 + 180
A = 1380 Tk.

∴ The amount after 3 years will be Tk. 1380.

Question: If 2/3 of X = 75% of Y = 0.4 of Z, then find the ratio X : Y : Z.

Solution:
According to the question,
(2/3) × X = 75% of Y
⇒ 2X/3 = 75Y/100
⇒ 2X/3 = 3Y/4
⇒ X/Y = 9/8

Now,
75% of Y = 0.4 of Z
⇒(75Y/100) = (2Z/5)
⇒ (3Y/4) = (2Z/5)
⇒ 15Y = 8Z
⇒ Y/Z = 8/15

X : Y : Z = (9/8) : 1 : (15/8)
Multiply all terms by 8:
X = 9 × 1 = 9
Y = 1 × 8 = 8
Z = (15/8) × 8 = 15

Therefore,
X : Y : Z = 9 : 8 : 15

Question: A man bought some sugar and salt for Tk. 440. The ratio of the weights of sugar and salt is 5 : 2, and the price per unit weight of sugar and salt is in the ratio 6 : 7. What is the price of the total sugar?

Solution:
Given,
Weight ratio (Sugar : Salt) = 5 : 2
Price ratio per unit weight (Sugar : Salt) = 6 : 7

Total price ratio of sugar and salt = (Weight × Price per unit)
= 5 × 6 : 2 × 7
= 30 : 14
= 15 : 7

Total units = 15 + 7 = 22 units

Accordint to the question,
22 units = Tk. 440
⇒ 1 unit = 440/22
∴ 1 unit= Tk. 20

∴ Price of total sugar = 15 × 20 = Tk. 300